Arthritis: Symptoms, Causes, Risk Factors, Complications, Treatment
Arthritis is inflammation of one or more of your joints. The main symptoms of arthritis are joint pain and stiffness, which typically worsen with age. The most common types
of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.Osteoarthritis causes cartilage — the hard, slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones where they form a joint — to break down. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that first targets the lining of joints (synovium).
Uric acid crystals, infections or underlying disease, such as psoriasis or lupus, can cause other types of arthritis.
Treatments vary depending on the type of arthritis. The main
goals of arthritis treatments are to reduce symptoms and improve quality of
life.
WHAT YOU WILL LEARN:
Symptoms
Causes
Risk factors
Complications
Treatment
SYMPTOMS
The most common signs and symptoms of arthritis involve the
joints. Depending on the type of arthritis you have, your signs and symptoms
may include:
- Pain
- Stiffness
- Swelling
- Redness
- Decreased range of motion
CAUSES
The two main types of arthritis — osteoarthritis and
rheumatoid arthritis — damage joints in different ways.
Osteoarthritis
The most common type of arthritis, osteoarthritis involves
wear-and-tear damage to your joint's cartilage — the hard, slick coating on the
ends of bones. Enough damage can result in bone grinding directly on bone,
which causes pain and restricted movement. This wear and tear can occur over
many years, or it can be hastened by a joint injury or infection.
Rheumatoid arthritis
In rheumatoid arthritis, the body's immune system attacks
the lining of the joint capsule, a tough membrane that encloses all the joint
parts. This lining, known as the synovial membrane, becomes inflamed and
swollen. The disease process can eventually destroy cartilage and bone within
the joint.
RISK FACTORS
Risk factors for arthritis include:
Family history. Some types of arthritis run in families, so
you may be more likely to develop arthritis if your parents or siblings have
the disorder. Your genes can make you more susceptible to environmental factors
that may trigger arthritis.
Age. The risk of many types of arthritis — including
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and gout — increases with age.
Your sex. Women are more likely than are men to develop
rheumatoid arthritis, while most of the people who have gout, another type of
arthritis, are men.
Previous joint injury. People who have injured a joint,
perhaps while playing a sport, are more likely to eventually develop arthritis
in that joint.
Obesity. Carrying excess pounds puts stress on joints,
particularly your knees, hips and spine. Obese people have a higher risk of
developing arthritis.
COMPLICATIONS
Severe arthritis, particularly if it affects your hands or
arms, can make it difficult for you to do daily tasks. Arthritis of
weight-bearing joints can keep you from walking comfortably or sitting up
straight. In some cases, joints may become twisted and deformed.
MANAGEMENT
Refer to the link below๐๐๐